#192
Date: Wed, 16 Mar 2005 22:13:45 -0800
From: Jeffery Waddy <jefferywaddy@YAHOO.COM>
Subject: Re: ethics of incentive
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Dear Susan,
I believe by not offering the $1.00 incentive to everyone makes it unethical.
There should have been an incentive mentioned in the coverletter in the initial
mailing. In addition, Human Subjects would have to be notified of your change in
protocol.
"Telljohann, Susan K." <STelljo@UTNET.UTOLEDO.EDU> wrote:
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Colleagues -
To those of you who responded to my question below - thank you. However, I want
to make sure that individuals are clear about my question. I have already sent
out the first wave of surveys and have coded the surveys so that I know which
ones I have received (it is confidential, but not anonymous). I want to give the
$1.00 incentive to only those individuals who will get the 2nd mailing. The
individuals who already mailed back their survey would not get a 2nd one sent to
them and therefore they would not receive $1.00. Is that unethical?
Original Question: I would like your opinion on an issue in which I am
struggling. I have a master's student who is doing a thesis. She has sent a
survey to 600 a random sample of entry level health education teacher throughout
the country (she used a purchased mailing list). The survey will be used to
assess their perceptions of their teacher preparation programs in a variety of
areas. It is our hope that we will be able to determine areas in which teacher
preparation programs may want to examine their current preparation experiences.
Currently, we are receiving a poor response rate. We did not provide a $1.00
incentive to the participants, but we did include a stamped, pre-addressed
envelope for the return of the completed survey.
To increase the response rate, I would like to include a $1.00 incentive to try
to boost the return rate. Some of my colleagues have expressed their opinion
that it is unethical to do this. I would appreciate your insight into this
issue.
Susan Telljohann, HSD, CHES
The University of Toledo
The Department of Public Health and Rehabilitative Services Mail Stop # 119
2801W. Bancroft Toledo, OH 43606
Office # (419) 530-4369
FAX # - (419) 530-4759
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Carpe diem,
Jeffery J. Waddy, MS.Ed.,CHES
Street Outreach Program, Coordinator
Delta Center, Inc.
1400 Commercial Avenue
Cairo, IL 62914
(618) 734-9582 fax (618) 734-1999
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#193
Date: Wed, 16 Mar 2005 11:43:51 -0500
From: "Telljohann, Susan K." <STelljo@UTNET.UTOLEDO.EDU>
Subject: Research and Ethics Question
** The Leader in Health Education-AAHE
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** "15th Annual Social Marketing in Public Health" June 15-18
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** www.aaheinfo.org
**
** Don't Miss This!!!
** "15th Annual Social Marketing in Public Health" June 15-18
** Clearwater Beach, FL. www.cme.hsc.usf.edu/coph/smph 2/17
**
Dear Colleagues -
I would like your opinion on an issue in which I am struggling. I have a
master's student who is doing a thesis. She has sent a survey to 600 a random
sample of entry level health education teacher throughout the country (she used
a purchased mailing list). The survey will be used to assess their perceptions
of their teacher preparation programs in a variety of areas. It is our hope that
we will be able to determine areas in which teacher preparation programs may
want to examine their current preparation experiences.
Currently, we are receiving a poor response rate. We did not provide a $1.00
incentive to the participants, but we did include a stamped, pre-addressed
envelope for the return of the completed survey.
To increase the response rate, I would like to include a $1.00 incentive to try
to boost the return rate. Some of my colleagues have expressed their opinion
that it is unethical to do this. I would appreciate your insight into this
issue.
Susan Telljohann, HSD, CHES
The University of Toledo
The Department of Public Health and Rehabilitative Services Mail Stop # 119
2801W. Bancroft Toledo, OH 43606
Office # (419) 530-4369
FAX # - (419) 530-4759
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#194
Date: Thu, 17 Mar 2005 16:06:29 -0500
From: Nancy Eichner <neichner@GWU.EDU>
Subject: New Oral Health Resource from CHHCS
** The Leader in Health Education-AAHE
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New resource from healthinschools.org…
School-Based Oral Health Services: A Select Bibliography http://www.healthinschools.org/sh/dentalarticles.asp
The Center has also added new links to its Dental Health Services in School web
page:
www.healthinschools.org/dentalhealth.asp
Nancy Eichner
Senior Program Manager
The Center for Health and Health Care in Schools 1350 Connecticut Ave. NW #505
Washington, DC 20036
Phone: (202) 466-3396
Fax: (202) 466-3467
www.healthinschools.org
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#195
Date: Thu, 17 Mar 2005 16:27:58 -0500
From: Nancy Eichner <neichner@GWU.EDU>
Subject: CHHCS News Alert: Report Highlights Dangers of Inhalant Use by 12- and
13-Year-Olds
** The Leader in Health Education-AAHE
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** Don't Miss This!!!
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CHHCS News Alert - 3/17/05
Report Highlights Dangers of Inhalant Use by 12- and 13-Year-Olds:
A new report released today by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services
Administration finds inhalant use by 12- and 13-year-olds to be a marker for
future drug use and delinquent behavior.
http://www.healthinschools.org/2005/March17_alert.asp
Nancy Eichner
Senior Program Manager
The Center for Health and Health Care in Schools 1350 Connecticut Ave. NW #505
Washington, DC 20036
Phone: (202) 466-3396
Fax: (202) 466-3467
www.healthinschools.org
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#196
Date: Thu, 17 Mar 2005 16:27:36 -0500
From: AAHE Gateway <AGateway@AAHPERD.ORG>
Subject: FW: Save the Date! 17th Annual NAHEC Conference/2005 AAHE Mid-Year
Meeting
** The Leader in Health Education-AAHE
** www.aaheinfo.org
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=20
Save the Date
for the 17th Annual NAHEC Conference and the 2005 AAHE Mid-Year Meeting, =
August 29 - September 1, 2005, hosted by the John P. McGovern Museum of = Health
& Medical Science, Houston, TX!=09 Watch for online registration and conference
program in April!=20
=09
Healthy Living and Learning Together =
<http://www.nahec.org/images/email/vertical.gif> THIS YEAR'S CONFERENCE = WILL
FEATURE:
* Programs for health educators, administrators, marketing and fund =
raising staff=20
* Professional development opportunities that increase knowledge and =
improve skills=20
* CHES credits available=20
* Exhibitors providing products and services to health education centers =
* Pre-conference workshops on Health Education Standards & Assessment =
and NAHEC HIV Prevention Project=20
Accommodations at the Warwick Hotel, in the heart of Houston's exciting = Museum
District.=09 For more information, contact NAHEC at 414/390-2187.=09
=09
Promoting Health Together=09
American Association for Health Education (AAHE) = <http://www.nahec.org/images/email/aahe_blue.gif>
National Association = of Health Education Centers (NAHEC) = <http://www.nahec.org/images/email/nahec_blue.gif>
John P. McGovern = Museum of Health & Medical Science = <http://www.nahec.org/images/email/mhms_blue.gif>
Texas Association for = Health, Physical Education, Recreation, and Dance (TAHPERD)
= <http://www.nahec.org/images/email/tahperd_blue.gif> =09
=09
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#197
Date: Thu, 17 Mar 2005 21:54:08 -0600
From: "David F. Duncan, DrPH" <david.duncan@ACCESSKY.NET>
Subject: Re: HEDIR-L Digest - 11 Mar 2005 to 16 Mar 2005 (#2005-62)
** The Leader in Health Education-AAHE
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** Don't Miss This!!!
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Susan and Eric,
I have served on several institutional human subjects protection committees and
both taken and taught courses on research ethics and I do not know of any
generally accepted standard or principle of ethics that would prohibit the use
of a $1 incentive for persons who complete a survey. Such conditional incentives
have been found to be unethical when the amount of the incentive was great
enough to tempt a reasonable person to take a risk that they might not otherwise
be willing to take. Even a $1 incentive could be unacceptable if it was being
offered in an impoverished population to encourage participation in a high risk
study. But $1 is not likely to be a very powerful temptation for most
professional health educators -- not even a semi-retired one like me. And the
study is not a risk study in the first place.
On the other hand, there are studies that show that an unconditional
pre-incentive is more effective in raising response rates than is a conditional
incentive of the same amount. So the offering of a conditional incentive may not
be useful even though it is perfectly ethical.
David F. Duncan, DrPH, CAS, FAAHB
President
Duncan & Associates
1347 Kentucky Street, #2
Bowling Green, KY 42101-3445
http://www.duncan-associates.com
Director
Bowling Green-Warren County Primary Care Center
1109 State Street
Bowling Green, KY 42101-3445
Clinical Associate Professor
Brown University Medical School
http://caas.brown.edu
Chair
Council on Illicit Drugs
Nat'l. Ass'n. for Public Health Policy
http://www.naphp.org
----- Original Message -----
> Susan,
>
> Generally, there is nothing inappropriate with mailing a $1 bill with
> each
> and every survey you send out, as a pre-incentive for participating.
> I think
> the scenario changes if you were to send $1 bills only 'after'
> respondents
> completed and returned the surveys. Depending on how you design your
> survey
> administration, the latter option may break confidentiality/anonymity.
> This,
> really, would be an IRB issue...so I would recommend you check with
> them
> FIRST.
>
> Don Dillman provides a nice summary on the incentive debate in his
> 2000
> book, "Mail and Internet Surveys: The Tailored Design Method." His
> cites
> studies favoring the pre-(financial)incentive, and, conversely,
> provides weak
> evidence for promising payment after survey completion. He also
> states that
> cash, especially for incentives as small as $1, is better to send than
> checks
> (for $1).
>
> Eric
> ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
> Eric Buhi, MPH, CHES
> Doctoral student in health education
> Texas A&M University
> Department of Health and Kinesiology
> 166 Read, TAMU 4243
> College Station, TX 77843-4243
> (979)458-0097
> buhi@tamu.edu
> http://people.tamu.edu/~erb5242/
>
>
>
> "Telljohann, Susan K." <STelljo@UTNET.UTOLEDO.EDU> said:
>
> > ** The Leader in Health Education-AAHE
> > ** www.aaheinfo.org
> > **
> > ** Don't Miss This!!!
> > ** "15th Annual Social Marketing in Public Health" June 15-18
> > ** Clearwater Beach, FL. www.cme.hsc.usf.edu/coph/smph 2/17
> > **
> >
> > Dear Colleagues -
> >
> > I would like your opinion on an issue in which I am struggling. I
> > have a
> master's student who is doing a thesis. She has sent a survey to 600
> a
> random sample of entry level health education teacher throughout the
> country
> (she used a purchased mailing list). The survey will be used to
> assess their
> perceptions of their teacher preparation programs in a variety of
> areas. It
> is our hope that we will be able to determine areas in which teacher
> preparation programs may want to examine their current preparation
> experiences.
> >
> > Currently, we are receiving a poor response rate. We did not
> > provide a
> $1.00 incentive to the participants, but we did include a stamped,
> pre-
> addressed envelope for the return of the completed survey.
> >
> > To increase the response rate, I would like to include a $1.00
> > incentive to
> try to boost the return rate. Some of my colleagues have expressed
> their
> opinion that it is unethical to do this. I would appreciate your
> insight
> into this issue.
> >
> > Susan Telljohann, HSD, CHES
> > The University of Toledo
> > The Department of Public Health and Rehabilitative Services
> > Mail Stop # 119
> > 2801W. Bancroft
> > Toledo, OH 43606
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------------------------------